Kyrgyzstan/

Kyrgyzstan is a poor, mountainous country with a dominant agricultural sector. Cotton, tobacco, wool, and meat are the main agricultural products, although only tobacco and cotton are exported in any quantity. Industrial exports include gold, mercury, uranium, natural gas, and electricity. The economy depends heavily on gold exports - mainly from output at the Kumtor gold mine. Following independence, Kyrgyzstan was progressive in carrying out market reforms, such as an improved regulatory system and land reform. Kyrgyzstan was the first Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) country to be accepted into the World Trade Organization. Much of the government’s stock in enterprises has been sold. Drops in production had been severe after the breakup of the Soviet Union in December 1991, but by mid-1995, production began to recover and exports began to increase. In 2005, the BAKIEV government and international financial institutions initiated a comprehensive medium-term poverty reduction and economic growth strategy. Bishkek agreed to pursue much needed tax reform and, in 2006, became eligible for the heavily indebted poor countries (HIPC) initiative. The government made steady strides in controlling its substantial fiscal deficit, nearly closing the gap between revenues and expenditures in 2006, before boosting expenditures more than 20% in 2007-08. GDP grew about 8% annually in 2007-08, partly due to higher gold prices internationally, but slowed to 2.3% in 2009. The overthrow of President BAKIEV in April, 2010 and subsequent ethnic clashes left hundreds dead and damaged infrastructure. Shrinking trade and agricultural production, as well as political instability, caused GDP to contract about 3.5% in 2010. The fiscal deficit widened to 12% of GDP, reflecting significant increases in crisis-related spending, including both rehabilitation of damaged infrastructure and bank recapitalization. Progress in reconstruction, fighting corruption, restructuring domestic industry, and attracting foreign aid and investment are key to future growth.

$11.85 billion (2010 est.)

$12.28 billion (2009 est.)

$12 billion (2008 est.)

$4.444 billion (2010 est.)

-3.5% (2010 est.)

2.3% (2009 est.)

8.4% (2008 est.)

$2,200 (2010 est.)

$2,300 (2009 est.)

$2,200 (2008 est.)

2.344 million (2007)

18% (2004 est.)

40% (2004 est.)

30.3 (2003)

29 (2001)

26.4% of GDP (2010 est.)

4.8% (2010 est.)

6.9% (2009 est.)

9.07% (31 December 2009)

15.11% (31 December 2008)

23.03% (31 December 2009 est.)

19.86% (31 December 2008 est.)

$714.9 million (31 December 2010 est)

$826.4 million (31 December 2009 est)

$1.1 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

$1.247 billion (31 December 2009 est.)

$505.4 million (31 December 2010 est.)

$572.9 million (31 December 2009 est.)

$71.84 million (31 December 2009)

$93.79 million (31 December 2008)

$121 million (31 December 2007)

tobacco, cotton, potatoes, vegetables, grapes, fruits and berries; sheep, goats, cattle, wool

small machinery, textiles, food processing, cement, shoes, sawn logs, refrigerators, furniture, electric motors, gold, rare earth metals

6% (2010 est.)

15.96 billion kWh (2007 est.)

9 billion kWh (2007 est.)

2.379 billion kWh (2007 est.)

0 kWh (2008 est.)

979 bbl/day (2009 est.)

15,000 bbl/day (2009 est.)

1,890 bbl/day (2007 est.)

12,850 bbl/day (2007 est.)

40 million bbl (1 January 2010 est.)

30 million cu m (2008 est.)

750 million cu m (2008 est.)

0 cu m (2008 est.)

720 million cu m (2008 est.)

5.663 billion cu m (1 January 2010 est.)

-$210 million (2010 est.)

$184 million (2009 est.)

$1.682 billion (2010 est.)

$1.726 billion (2009 est.)

cotton, wool, meat, tobacco; gold, mercury, uranium, natural gas, hydropower; machinery; shoes

Switzerland 25.96%, Russia 25.88%, Uzbekistan 15.72%, Kazakhstan 12.47% (2009)

$3.075 billion (2010 est.)

$2.987 billion (2009 est.)

oil and gas, machinery and equipment, chemicals, foodstuffs

China 57.03%, Russia 19.34%, Kazakhstan 5.9% (2009)

$1.615 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

$1.585 billion (31 December 2009 est.)

$3.738 billion (30 June 2010)

$3.467 billion (31 December 2008)

$NA (31 December 2009 est.)

$NA

soms (KGS) per US dollar - 46.337 (2010), 42.905 (2009), 36.108 (2008), 37.746 (2007), 40.149 (2006)