Swaziland/

In this small, landlocked economy, subsistence agriculture occupies approximately 70% of the population. The manufacturing sector has diversified since the mid-1980s. Sugar and wood pulp remain important foreign exchange earners. In 2007, the sugar industry increased efficiency and diversification efforts, in response to a 17% decline in EU sugar prices. Mining has declined in importance in recent years with only coal and quarry stone mines remaining active. Surrounded by South Africa, except for a short border with Mozambique, Swaziland is heavily dependent on South Africa from which it receives more than nine-tenths of its imports and to which it sends 60% of its exports. Swaziland’s currency is pegged to the South African rand, subsuming Swaziland’s monetary policy to South Africa. Customs duties from the Southern African Customs Union (SACU) account for two-thirds of Swaziland’s government revenues, and worker remittances from South Africa substantially supplement domestically earned income. Customs revenues plummeted during the global economic crisis and Swaziland has appealed to SACU for assistance. With an estimated 40% unemployment rate, Swaziland’s need to increase the number and size of small and medium enterprises and attract foreign direct investment is acute. Overgrazing, soil depletion, drought, and sometimes floods persist as problems for the future. More than one-fourth of the population needed emergency food aid in 2006-07 because of drought, and more than one-quarter of the adult population has been infected by HIV/AIDS.

$6.055 billion (2010 est.)

$5.937 billion (2009 est.)

$5.913 billion (2008 est.)

$3.165 billion (2010 est.)

2% (2010 est.)

0.4% (2009 est.)

2.4% (2008 est.)

$4,500 (2010 est.)

$4,400 (2009 est.)

$4,500 (2008 est.)

457,900 (2007)

40% (2006 est.)

69% (2006)

50.4 (2001)

12.6% of GDP (2010 est.)

5% (2010 est.)

7.3% (2009 est.)

6.5% (31 December 2009)

11% (31 December 2008)

11.38% (31 December 2009 est.)

14.83% (31 December 2008 est.)

$335.7 million (31 December 2010 est)

$273.9 million (31 December 2009 est)

$1.266 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

$920.7 million (31 December 2009 est.)

$258.5 million (31 December 2010 est.)

$274.5 million (31 December 2009 est.)

$NA (31 December 2009)

$203.1 million (31 December 2007)

$199.9 million (31 December 2006)

sugarcane, cotton, corn, tobacco, rice, citrus, pineapples, sorghum, peanuts; cattle, goats, sheep

coal, wood pulp, sugar, soft drink concentrates, textiles and apparel

1% (2010 est.)

441 million kWh (2007 est.)

1.266 billion kWh (2007 est.)

0 kWh (2008)

770 million kWh; note - electricity supplied by South Africa (2008 est.)

0 bbl/day (2009 est.)

4,000 bbl/day (2009 est.)

0 bbl/day (2007 est.)

4,100 bbl/day (2007 est.)

0 bbl (1 January 2010 est.)

0 cu m (2008 est.)

0 cu m (2008 est.)

0 cu m (2008 est.)

0 cu m (2008 est.)

0 cu m (1 January 2010 est.)

-$374 million (2010 est.)

-$213 million (2009 est.)

$1.417 billion (2010 est.)

$1.338 billion (2009 est.)

soft drink concentrates, sugar, wood pulp, cotton yarn, refrigerators, citrus and canned fruit

$1.643 billion (2010 est.)

$1.585 billion (2009 est.)

motor vehicles, machinery, transport equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products, chemicals

$708 million (31 December 2010 est.)

$959 million (31 December 2009 est.)

$497 million (31 December 2010 est.)

$411 million (31 December 2009 est.)

$NA

$NA

emalangeni per US dollar - 7.57 (2010), 8.4737 (2009), 7.75 (2008), 7.4 (2007), 6.85 (2006)